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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cheese- and buttermaking</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Cheese- and buttermaking</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Сыроделие и маслоделие</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2073-4018</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">122874</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2073-4018-2026-2-60</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">GKTJGQ</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Оригинальная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Original article</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Оригинальная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Allelic Variants of BoLA-DRB3 and Technological Properties of Milk in Cheese and Butter Production</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Ассоциация аллельных вариантов гена BoLA-DRB3 с технологическими свойствами молока и его пригодностью для сыроделия и маслоделия</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Плешков</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Александрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Pleshkov</surname>
       <given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>6110699@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of agricultural sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2960-0216</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Козлова</surname>
       <given-names>Оксана Васильевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kozlova</surname>
       <given-names>Oksana V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Кемеровский государственный университет</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Kemerovo State University</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Кемеровский государственный университет</institution>
     <city>Кемерово</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Kemerovo State University</institution>
     <city>Kemerovo</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-08T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>08</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-08T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>08</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>95</fpage>
   <lpage>104</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-20T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>02</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-07T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>07</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://cheese.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/122874/view">https://cheese.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/122874/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель настоящей работы заключалась в том, чтобы на основе молекулярно-генетического и физико-химического анализа проб молока коров черно-пестрой породы установить характер  ассоциаций между аллельными вариантами гена BoLA-DRB3 и комплексом показателей, определяющих технологическую пригодность молока для производства сыра и масла, а также оценить практическую значимость полученных результатов для перерабатывающей отрасли. Генотипирование животных по локусу BoLA-DRB3 выполнено методом ПЦР-ПДРФ. Идентифицировано 55 аллелей, доминировали 1101 (15,8 %) и 1501 (15,5 %). Защитными в отношении субклинического мастита (содержание соматических клеток ≤ 400 тыс./мл) признаны аллели 0902 (OR = 0,11; p = 0,00014), 1101 (OR = 0,38; p = 0,0047) и 0601 (OR = 0,31; p = 0,0055); аллелями риска – 1501 (OR = 5,48), 1801 (OR = 5,48) и 0701 (OR = 6,62). Каждый дополнительный S-аллель в генотипе снижал шансы низкого содержания соматических клеток в 4 раза (p &lt; 0,0001). Животные с высоким содержанием соматических клеток (&gt; 400 тыс./мл) характеризовались достоверно (p &lt; 0,001) пониженными удоем, содержанием жира, белка и термоустойчивостью молока. Термоустойчивость демонстрировала сильную отрицательную корреляцию с соматическим баллом (p = –0,78), а при увеличении количества соматических клеток на каждые 100 тыс./мл снижалась на 0,58 мин. Интегральный индекс качества молока был максимальным у носителей защитных аллелей (класс R/N; 0,621) и на 60 % ниже у животных, имеющих аллели риска (S/N; 0,388). Особую значимость полученные результаты имеют для маслоделия и сыроделия: повышенный уровень соматических клеток приводит к снижению выхода сыра из-за потерь белка с сывороткой, ухудшению сычужной свертываемости и реологических свойств сгустка, активации протеолиза, способствующего появлению горечи и сокращению сроков хранения, тогда как в маслоделии такое молоко провоцирует прогоркание и снижение стойкости масла при хранении. Показано, что маркер-вспомогательная селекция по BoLA-DRB3 способна повысить технологические свойства молока и экономическую эффективность производства, обеспечивая перерабатывающие предприятия сырьем, наиболее пригодным для выпуска высококачественной продукции с длительными сроками годности.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Allelic variants of the BoLA-DRB3 gene affect the parameters that determine the suitability of milk for cheese and butter production. This article introduces a molecular genetic and physicochemical analysis of samples from Russian Black Pied cows. Genotyping at the BoLA-DRB3 locus, performed via PCR-RFLP, revealed fifty-five alleles, with dominant 1101 (15.8%) and 1501 (15.5%). Alleles 0902 (OR = 0.11; p = 0.00014), 1101 (OR = 0.38; p = 0.0047), and 0601 (OR = 0.31; p = 0.0055) were recognized as protective against subclinical mastitis (somatic cell count ≤ 400,000/ml). Conversely, 1501 (OR = 5.48), 1801 (OR = 5.48), and 0701 (OR = 6.62) were identified as risk alleles. Each additional S-allele in the genotype reduced the chances of low somatic cell count by 4 times (p &lt; 0.0001). The animals with high somatic cell count (&gt; 400,000/mL) demonstrated a significantly (p &lt; 0.001) reduced milk yield, as well as fat and protein content and heat resistance. Heat resistance showed a strong negative correlation with the somatic score (p = –0.78). It decreased by 0.58 min for every 100,000/mL increase in the somatic cell count. The integral milk quality index was highest in the carriers of protective alleles (R/N class; 0.621) and 60% lower in the animals with risk alleles (S/N; 0.388). Elevated somatic cell count was associated with lower cheese yields due to protein loss in the whey, impaired rennet coagulation, and deteriorated rheological properties of the curd. Furthermore, increased proteolysis led to bitterness and a shorter shelf life. In butter production, such milk provokes rancidity and poor butter storage stability. Marker-assisted selection for BoLA-DRB3 can improve the technological properties and the economic efficiency of milk production, ensuring high-quality products with long shelf lives.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>ген BoLA-DRB3</kwd>
    <kwd>сыропригодность молока</kwd>
    <kwd>соматические клетки</kwd>
    <kwd>мастит</kwd>
    <kwd>термоустойчивость</kwd>
    <kwd>черно-пестрая порода</kwd>
    <kwd>качество молока</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>BoLA-DRB3</kwd>
    <kwd>milk suitability for cheese production</kwd>
    <kwd>somatic cells</kwd>
    <kwd>mastitis</kwd>
    <kwd>heat tolerance</kwd>
    <kwd>Black Pied cow breed</kwd>
    <kwd>milk quality</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
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