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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cheese- and buttermaking</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Cheese- and buttermaking</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Сыроделие и маслоделие</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2073-4018</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">88677</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2073-4018-2024-3-5</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Оригинальная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Original article</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Оригинальная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Bovine Mastitis: Safety and Quality Issues in Cheese Production</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Маститы – проблема безопасности, качества и сыропригодности молока сырого</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Свириденко</surname>
       <given-names>Галина Михайловна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Sviridenko</surname>
       <given-names>Galina M.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>vniims@fncps.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мордвинова</surname>
       <given-names>Валентина Александровна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Mordvinova</surname>
       <given-names>Valentina A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Вахрушева</surname>
       <given-names>Дарья Сергеевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Vakhrusheva</surname>
       <given-names>Daria S.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Остроухова</surname>
       <given-names>Ирина Леонидовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Ostroukhova</surname>
       <given-names>Irina L.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>i.ostroukhova@fncps.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution>
     <city>Углич</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking – Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS</institution>
     <city>Uglich</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution>
     <city>Углич</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking – Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS</institution>
     <city>Uglich</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия – филиал Федерального научного центра  пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution>
     <city>Углич</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Research Institute of Butter and Cheese Production, Gorbatov Federal Center for Food Systems</institution>
     <city>Uglich</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия – филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова РАН</institution>
     <city>Углич</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Research Institute of Butter and Cheese Production, Gorbatov Federal Center for Food Systems</institution>
     <city>Uglich</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-17T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>17</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-17T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>17</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>58</fpage>
   <lpage>63</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-25T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>25</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-08-26T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>26</day>
     <month>08</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://cheese.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/88677/view">https://cheese.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/88677/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В статье приводятся сведения о маститах, как центральной проблеме в обеспечении гигиены получения молока в мировой практике молочного дела. Основной признак мастита – повышение содержания соматических клеток в молоке. Содержание соматических клеток – важнейший косвенный показатель качества молока. К соматическим клеткам относятся клетки вымени и крови. Наличие в молоке из отдельной доли вымени менее 500 тыс/см3 соматических клеток при отсутствии патогенных бактерий свидетельствует о нормальной секреции, при наличии патогенов – о скрытой инфекции вымени. Воспалительные изменения в вымени (нарушение секреции и маститы) связаны с повышением числа лейкоцитов и других клеток крови. Их доля в общем количестве соматических клеток растет, что является точным индикатором того, что молоко получено от больных коров. Молоко сырое для производства сыра должно содержать не более 4 × 105 клеток в 1 см3. Маститное молоко является несыропригодным. Наиболее распространенным возбудителем стафилококкового мастита является Staphylococcus aureus. От 30 до 50 % инфекционных маститов вызывают коагулазоположительные стафилококки, что создает большие риски, особенно для сыров, формуемых насыпью. Изменение состава молока, связанное с воспалением вымени, влияет на его переработку, вкус и хранимоспособность. Так, в молоке высокое содержание хлоридов и низкое содержание лактозы придает ему пресный и солено-горький вкус. Содержание в молоке соматических клеток более 5 × 105 клеток в 1 см3 значительно снижает его термостабильность. При увеличении содержания соматических клеток в молоке статистически достоверно увеличивается время сычужного свертывания, отход жира в сыворотку, увеличивается процент влаги в сырной массе и как результат – снижается выход сыра.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Bovine mastitis is a common hygiene-related issue in milk production. It increases the somatic cell count in milk. Somatic cell count is an important indirect indicator of milk quality. Somatic cells include those of udder and blood. Normally, one healthy udder lobe secretes ≤ 500,000 somatic cells per 1 cm3 milk. In the presence of pathogenic bacteria, the same amount indicates a latent infection. Inflammatory processes in the udder include impaired secretion and mastitis. They increase the number of leukocytes and other blood cells in the total somatic cell count, which means that the milk came from sick cows. Raw milk for cheese production must contain ≤ 4×105 cells per 1 cm3. Mastitis, or garget milk is not suitable for cheese production. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common causative agent of staphylococcal mastitis in cows. Coagulase-positive staphylococci are responsible for 30-50% cases of infectious mastitis. They pose great risks for bulk-formed cheeses. Mastitis affects milk processing, taste, and storage capacity. It is high in chlorides and low in lactose, which gives it a flat and salty-bitter taste. If somatic cell count exceeds 5×105 cells per 1 cm3, the resulting milk has poor thermal stability. As the content of somatic cells in milk increases, so does the rennet coagulation time: fat goes into whey and moisture in curd increases, which eventually reduces cheese yield.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>маститы</kwd>
    <kwd>соматические клетки</kwd>
    <kwd>патогенные микроорганизмы</kwd>
    <kwd>сыропригодность молока</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>mastitis</kwd>
    <kwd>somatic cells</kwd>
    <kwd>pathogenic microorganisms</kwd>
    <kwd>milk for cheese production</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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