Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 92469 10.21603/2074-9414-2024-4-2535 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ New Functional Fermented Mare’s Milk Product: Biological Assessment in vivo Оценка in vivo биологических эффектов нового кисломолочного продукта на основе кобыльего молока https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2878-8069 Симоненко Елена Сереевна Simonenko Elena S. nir@niidp.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6999-5048 Симоненко Сергей Владимирович Simonenko Sergey V. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5360-8955 Бегунова Анна Васильевна Begunova Anna V. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9879-482X Петров Андрей Николаевич Petrov Andrey N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-7478 Семенова Елена Сергеевна Semenova Elena S. Научно-исследовательский институт детского питания – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи» Истра Россия Scientific Research Institute of Baby Food – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety” Istra Russian Federation Научно-исследовательский институт детского питания – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи» Истра Россия Scientific Research Institute of Baby Food – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety” Istra Russian Federation Научно-исследовательский институт детского питания – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи» Истра Россия Scientific Research Institute of Baby Food – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety” Istra Russian Federation Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт молочной промышленности Москва Россия All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Dairy Industry Moscow Russian Federation Научно-исследовательский институт детского питания – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи» Истра Россия Scientific Research Institute of Baby Food – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety” Istra Russian Federation 24 12 2024 24 12 2024 54 4 675 686 29 02 2024 07 05 2024 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/23109/23120/

Возрастающий интерес потребителей к продуктам здорового питания способствует разработке новых продуктов с функциональными свойствами. Уникальные характеристики кобыльего молока обуславливают повышенный интерес к нему и продуктам на его основе. При разработке нового продукта мы объединили кобылье молоко, коровье молоко, молочнокислые и пробиотические микроорганизмы, чтобы получить ферментированный продукт с функциональными свойствами. Объектами исследований являлись кисломолочные продукты на основе кобыльего, коровьего молока и их смеси. Доклинические исследования свойств разработанного продукта проводили на клинически здоровых мышах-самках C57BL/6J. Биохимические показатели плазмы крови определяли на автоматическом анализаторе BioChem FC-360. Гистологические препараты изучали на световом микроскопе AxioImaiger A1. Количественную оценку проводили с использованием программы ImageJ (США). Наблюдения за животными не выявили отклонений в физиологическом состоянии. Употребление на фоне «западной» диеты кисломолочного продукта на основе кобыльего молока и смеси кобыльего и коровьего молока приводило к снижению холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности при увеличении содержания холестерина липопротеинов высокой плотности на 25,4–30,0 %. Отмечали выравнивание снижения метаболических показателей (креатинин и мочевина) и активности аланинаминотрансферазы у мышей группы 1 и 2, что указывает на их гепатопротекторный эффект. В плазме крови мышей групп 3, 2 и 1 снижение мочевины составило 29,0, 25,7 и 19,7 %. На фоне «западной» диеты кисломолочный продукт, на основе кобыльего, смеси кобыльего и коровьего молока вызывал статистически значимое снижение количества гранулоцитов, что свидетельствует о нивелировании воспаления за счет положительного действия на микробиом. Полученные результаты исследований демонстрируют наличие у разработанного продукта биологических эффектов, обуславливающих функциональные свойства. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для определения возможности включения кисломолочного продукта в комплексную диету для профилактики неалкогольной жировой болезни печени.

The growing consumer interest in healthy foods increases the demand for new functional products. Mare’s milk and its products possess some unique nutritional properties. This article introduces a new fermented functional food that combines mare’s milk, cow’s milk, lactic acid, and probiotic microorganisms. The research featured fermented milk products based on mare’s milk, cow’s milk, and their mixes. The preclinical studies involved clinically healthy female mice (C57BL/6J). The biochemical analysis of blood plasma was performed on a BioChem FC-360 automatic analyzer while the histological preparations relied on an AxioImaiger A1 light microscope. The quantitative assessment employed the ImageJ software (USA). The mice obtained the so-called Western diet and the experimental product. Their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased by 254-30.0% while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) went up. The mice that were given the experimental product demonstrated lower creatinine, urea, and alanine aminotransferase activity in the blood plasma, which indicated a certain hepatoprotective effect. The experimental product caused a statistically significant decrease in granulocytes, i.e., the microbiome had an anti-inflammatory effect on the gut microbiota, which, in its turn, affected the cytokine expression. The new product demonstrated strong biological activity, which rendered it functional properties. Further research will determine the effect of fermented milk products as part of a comprehensive diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

 Кисломолочный продукт кобылье молоко коровье молоко пробиотики биологические эффекты Fermented milk product mare’s milk cow’s milk probiotics biological effects Работа выполнена за счет средств субсидии на выполнение государственного задания по направлению FGMF-2022-0007 «Оценка пищевого статуса детей и подростков и разработка состава, рецептур и технологий специали- зированных продуктов детского и геродиетического питания с использованием региональной сырьевой базы» на базе Научно-исследовательского института детского питания – филиала ФИЦ «Питания и биотехнологии» и Экспериментальной клиники-лаборатории биологически активных веществ животного происхождения в ФГБНУ «ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова» РАН. The work was carried out using subsidies for the implementation of the state task in the direction FGMF-2022-0007 "Assessment of the nutritional status of children and adolescents and development of the composition, recipes and technologies of specialized products of children’s and gerodietetic nutrition using the regional raw material base" on the basis of the Research Institute of Children nutrition – a branch of the Federal Research Center "Nutrition and Biotechnology" and the Experimental Clinic-Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances of Animal Origin at the Federal State Budgetary Institution "FSC Food Systems named after V.M. Gorbatov" RAS.

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